2 Urdu couplets and shers with sultan
sultan(m): emperor
Description of sultan: Sultan is an Arabic-derived title historically denoting a Muslim sovereign ruler wielding political and military authority, originally meaning "strength" or "rulership." Unlike the caliph, who held supreme religious leadership over the Islamic community, a sultan governed specific territories with delegated power. Differs from "king" , as sultan implies Islamic religious legitimacy and is confined to Muslim contexts. In Urdu poetry, it evokes majestic power, as in Mirza Ghalib's verses portraying
1 / 2: sultan
lekin shaheed ho gaye
biwi ki nauj se
akbar was not subdued by
the army of an emperor
but he was martyred
by the lament of his wife
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2 / 2: sultan
saikDon sultan-e-jaabir hain
nazar ke saamne
these scenes of destitution
right in front of my eyes
countless despots of tyranny
right in front of my eyes
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